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Definition: A network server is a computer designed to process requests and deliver data to other (client) computers over a local network or the Internet.
Network servers typically are configured with additional processing, memory and storage capacity to handle the load of servicing clients. Common types of network servers include:
- Web Servers
At its core, a Web server serves static content to a Web browser by loading a file from a disk and serving it across the network to a user's Web browser. This entire exchange is mediated by the browser and server talking to each other using HTTP. - Proxy Servers
Proxy servers sit between a client program (typically a Web browser) and an external server (typically another server on the Web) to filter requests, improve performance, and share connections. - FTP Servers
One of the oldest of the Internet services, File Transfer Protocol makes it possible to move one or more files securely between computers while providing file security and organization as well as transfer control. - Mail Servers
Almost as ubiquitous and crucial as Web servers, mail servers move and store mail over corporate networks (via LANs and WANs) and across the Internet. - Server Platforms
A term often used synonymously with operating system, a platform is the underlying hardware or software for a system and is thus the engine that drives the server. - Application Servers
Sometimes referred to as a type of middleware, application servers occupy a large chunk of computing territory between database servers and the end user, and they often connect the two. - Real-Time Communication Servers
Real-time communication servers, formerly known as chat servers or IRC Servers, and still sometimes referred to as instant messaging (IM) servers, enable large numbers users to exchange information near instantaneously. - Collaboration Servers
In many ways, collaboration software, once called ' groupware,' demonstrates the original power of the Web. Collaboration software designed to enable users to collaborate, regardless of location, via the Internet or a corporate intranet and to work together in a virtual atmosphere. - List Servers
List servers offer a way to better manage mailing lists, whether they be interactive discussions open to the public or one-way lists that deliver announcements, newsletters or advertising. - Telnet Servers
A Telnet server enables users to log on to a host computer and perform tasks as if they're working on the remote computer itself. - Open Source Servers
From your underlying open source server operating system to the server software that help you get your job done, open source software is a critical part of many IT infrastructures. - Virtual Servers
In 2009, the number of virtual servers deployed exceeded the number of physical servers. Today, server virtualization has become near ubiquitous in the data center. From hypervisors to hybrid clouds, ServerWatch looks at the latest virtualization technology trends. - Game Servers
Either host or shared is a server which is the authoritative source of events in a multiplayer video game. The server transmits enough data about its internal state to allow its connected clients to maintain their own accurate version of the game world for display to players. They also receive and process each player's input.
What type of server do I need?
Different servers do different jobs, from serving e-mail and video to protecting internal networks and hosting Web sites. The list below categorizes the many different types of servers used in the marketplace today.
The server you choose should reflect the number and type of applications you want to run on it.
You need to know how many users (clients) it will have. Many common applications — such as print serving,
sharing office documents such as Word and Excel® files — impose such light processing demands that a
single low-cost server may be able to handle your entire company with ease. Other tasks, such as hosting
large databases or image libraries, require more processing horsepower along with big, fast hard disks
and capacious network pipes to match.
When buying a server, there are three considerations:
1. Server type: Tower, rack or blade?
2. Hardware configuration
3. Server software
Towers, racks or blades? You can choose from the following three types of servers:
Tower servers
This is the most basic of servers on the market. It costs and takes up as much space as the average
desktop. Tower servers are great for small businesses that:
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A tower is most typically recommended for your first server. You will also be able to choose the number of hard drives and processors on your server. For an office with less than 25 employees, a server with one processor and two to four hard drives should be sufficient. If you have more than 25 employees or if you're planning to run data-intensive applications, a server with two processors and four to six hard drives is recommended.
Rack serversThis system stacks the servers in racks in much the same way that a CD rack stacks CDs. This is a space-saving option but is more suited for companies that:
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Rack servers are better for small businesses that are well versed in the world of servers or a medium-sized business that requires more servers.
Blade serversThis system is the most compact server of the bunch. This server was named for its ultrathin shape. Multiple blade servers can fit vertically into a single enclosure, sharing certain hardware components such as power supplies. Because of their ultracompact size, you can fit more servers into less space. Consolidating a traditional server infrastructure into space- and power-saving blade enclosures means:
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Blade servers are great for businesses that require much larger computing capacity or for businesses that plan to develop a data center.
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